What makes a witch a witch?
It’s an interesting question, isn’t it? One that’s been asked by many over the past few decades, as we’ve begun to see this exponential rise in contemporary witchcraft.
And while many people certainly have their own answers to this question (some more compelling than others), what’s truly fascinating is that there really is no answer at all—not in any comprehensive way, at least.
There is no one single thing that makes a witch a witch, largely because it is based on a highly individual way of being. There is no one component, no particular practice or belief that distinguishes witches from non-witches.
Just like Paganism is a broad umbrella term for a variety of spiritual beliefs, practices, and behaviours, so too is witchcraft.
I myself have been practicing witchcraft for over a year now, and ever since then, this question has been on my mind. Not only what makes a witch a witch in a general sense, but what makes me a witch? What does it mean for me as a (mostly) scientific pantheist, as an academic, and as a generally rationally-minded individual, to practice witchcraft?
Essentially, what does it mean for me, as a self-professed skeptic, to consider myself a witch?
Witchcraft is undeniably becoming increasingly popular in our society, to the point where it’s now almost somewhat mainstream. And while on the one hand, this does create a sense of unfortunate homogenization within the wider community (think of all those witchy Instagram aesthetics and poorly written books that all spout the same basic stuff), on the other hand, more people practicing the craft means more people coming at it in their own unique ways, putting their own flavour into it, developing their own personal systems of belief and interpretation.
Witchcraft and Paganism, like a lot of modern alternative forms of spirituality, are very much about figuring out what works for you. They are experienced based, rather than built on scripture or dogma, and therefore often highly unique to the practitioner.
Of course, there will always be those people that try to tell you that there’s a right or wrong way to do witchcraft—that if it’s not “traditional” enough then it doesn’t count as the real thing. Even worse are those who go around claiming that witches must be born, rather than made, and if you don’t come from a long history of the craft, then you can’t be a “real” witch.
Bullshit.
I mean, these people are entitled to their opinions, but I think that’s all ridiculous. No one should have the right to say that there is a “correct” or “incorrect” way of practicing the craft. Moreover, anyone can be a witch, regardless of whatever untraditional approaches they might take, or their family lineage.
So, what is witchcraft then?
Witchcraft: A Loose Definition
Witchcraft, while often associated with Paganism, is distinct from it in that it is a practice, whereas Paganism is a religion. Not all Pagans practice witchcraft, and not all witches are Pagan, though contemporary witchcraft is predominantly Pagan witchcraft. Moreover, though witchcraft is often conflated with Wicca, a particular strand of Paganism that combines magical practices with the honouring of the God and Goddess, these two concepts are also distinct, and not all practitioners of witchcraft identify as Wiccans.
In her seminal text Drawing Down the Moon, Margot Adler notes that that term “witch” likely derives from the Indo-European root “wic” or “weik,” meaning to bend or turn. As such, “a Witch would have been a woman (or man) skilled in the craft of shaping, bending, and changing reality.”
For most practitioners of Western witchcraft, magic does not have anything to do with the supernatural, for it is a fundamentally natural phenomenon that derives from an understanding of psychological and environmental processes, and knowing how to implement emotion and concentration in order to bring about desired changes. Many practices within witchcraft are based on exploring and strengthening connections with the “otherworld”—a spiritual domain that co-exists with ordinary reality, intertwining with it in mysterious and at times, powerfully effective ways.
Magick: An Even Looser Definition
The performance of magic (or magick) is also typically associated with witchcraft. While there are many definitions of what magick is and what it means to practice it, it can generally be understood as a technique where the mind is focused on a particular goal, and subsequently projected out onto the world in order to materialize that goal.
Modern witchcraft and magic encompass a wide variety of behaviours and beliefs. While for some, it may be primarily about high magic and elaborate rituals, evoking images of robed figures gathered together in candle-lit rooms chanting Latin incantations, for others, it can be about something as simple as the way they make a cup of tea, or the intentions they set at the beginning of the day.
An important part of what magick and witchcraft are for me is based on Susan Greenwood’s concept of magical consciousness—the intuited and embodied expansion of mind that fosters and awareness of the interconnected nature of all things. Here, connections between this world and the otherworld become apparent, as this mode of thought brings about a divine sense of cosmological oneness.
From this perspective of magical consciousness, mind is immanent within the environment, and there is no ultimate separation between self and nature—everything is interconnected, and we are connected to everything.
Magick, then, becomes largely about being aware of these deeply rooted connections that give rise to reality, and about finding ways to explore these relationships in a more profound manner.
The Reality of Magick
To those who operate outside of the boundaries of magick, the non-believers (or “muggles” as some of us refer to them as), the notion of witchcraft may sound absolutely ridiculous, or even somewhat psychotic. Often, people who claim that they can cast spells or communicate with spirits are taken to be either serious liars or seriously deluded, and as such are labeled as “weird” or “abnormal.” And while societal perceptions of witchcraft and alternative spirituality are slowly changing, the practices becoming increasingly normalized, there are still plenty of people I know who would be shocked (and probably pretty appalled) if they knew the kinds of things I was doing behind closed doors with crystals and candles.
Even just a few years ago, I too would have been pretty weirded out to know that I’d eventually start practicing witchcraft. On the surface, it just seems so incompatible with a scientific understanding of the world. It seems so… irrational.
I have been both an insider and an outsider when it comes to magick and witchcraft. I have practiced it, and studied it from an academic perspective, and each of these approaches has taught me that in order to truly understand what magic is and what it means to those who practice it, we have to come at it from a perspective that is willing to look past the apparent boundaries of reason—to go beyond rationalism.
Anthropologist Bruce Kapferer notes that because magic challenges preconceived notion of reality and operates at the boundaries of understanding, it creates a liminal space where different levels of meaning can be fused together and torn apart, giving us a completely different way of understanding the world.
As he puts it, magic operates within its own reality, with its own framework of logic, and while it can certainly have some bearing on notions of reason and rationality, its potential (and our potential to understand it) is “much greater when released from the prison of reason.”
Simply put: magic can’t and shouldn’t be understood within a scientific rationalist framework, because this limits its power and dilutes what it’s actually about.
Skeptical Witchcraft
As someone who at once values logic and reason, but also really enjoys engaging in certain magical and occult practices, I personally find it helpful to think of witchcraft and magick as operating within their own realities that, while distinct, are not completely separate from one another. These two frameworks for me don’t clash with one another as one might assume, but rather overlap with and compliment each other.
I’m not what you would call a hard and fast believer in the literal power of witchcraft, or the existence of magic—at least, not in the way that many practitioners understand it. Generally speaking, I use witchcraft as a catalyst for transformation that is usually more internal than external, more personal than happening “out there.”
Typically, my approach to the craft favours the psychological model of magick, which in itself can be considered a form of “skeptical witchcraft.” From the psychological perspective, any changes brought about through magical means are internal changes, such as tapping into the unconscious in order to uncover hidden motivations, desires, beliefs, and bringing this deeper aspect of the mind to the forefront in order to incite genuine personal transformation.
So, for instance, if I do a spell to manifest a new job, it’s not necessarily that I’m hoping to actually influence some guy in an office building miles away to pick up my resume and decide that I’m the one he wants. From a psychological standpoint, it’s more about causing some internal shift that will help me land the position—perhaps in the form of a confidence boost, or a surge of motivation to help me crystalize and work towards what I really want.
A lot of my witchcraft is about practicing being open—opening myself up to new opportunities, to new ways of perceiving my reality, and to receive whatever the Universe has to offer me.
That being said, my belief (or lack thereof) in the power of witchcraft and magick isn’t static or unchanging. While on one level, I do believe that it is psychological in nature, on another level (particularly when I’m actually immersed in the process of magick, or doing my witchy things), I wholeheartedly believe in the reality of the spell and its power to change my situation in ways that go beyond transformations of the unconscious.
You could call this suspended disbelief, or altogether a shift in worldviews.
As I wrote in my two-part series on spiritual/magical belief, belief is fluid, mutable, and often many layered, able to change and adapt depending on context.
So yeah, sometimes I totally do genuinely believe in the reality of witchcraft and magic. Sometimes I really do believe that the power of my spell could make some HR person pick up my resume, and think “yeah, she’s the one.”
Sometimes it is actually that real for me.
What makes it possible for me to practice witchcraft not only from a psychological perspective, but also with this genuine belief in the real power of my own magic, and the magic of the world around me is this recognition that witchcraft and magick operate in a different framework of reality from what most of us are used to in our daily lives. Not only that, but also understanding that it is totally possible for these frameworks to overlap with and even flow into one another make it so that there is no longer such a disconnect between being rational and intellectual on the one hand, and all spiritual and witchy on the other.
Essentially, it’s totally possible to hold a scientific, rational worldview in tandem with a magical one, because they don’t have to be mutually exclusive.
One can be both a complete skeptic and a genuine believer.
Redefining the Witch Label
If you are in fact what we’d call a “skeptic” when it comes to the magical and the occult, making the idea of witchcraft work for you can also be very much about redefining the term, and figuring out what being a witch means to you.
Not into the idea of spells and incantations, but still find yourself attracted to something about contemporary witchcraft? That’s cool—just figure out what it is you feel drawn to, what excites you about it, and start there in constructing your own definition of the craft.
For quite a while, even though I’d technically been practicing a form of witchcraft for some time, I resisted the label of “witch” because of its non-rational implications, and the cognitive dissonance I felt between myself as a scientifically-minded person, and as someone who practices magick.
Plus, as someone who doesn’t always completely believe in the reality of magick, I felt like a fraud calling myself a witch. To be skeptical about the very practices I was engaging in felt like a form of appropriation in a sense—who was I to be using these traditions and rituals when I didn’t accept their reality in the way that most “real” witches do?
And while I am sure that there are those within the wider witchcraft community who certainly would say that yes, I am a fraud, and no, I should definitely not be calling myself a witch, to that, I’ve kind of just learned to say “fuck it.”
Because like I mentioned before, there is no overarching definition of witchcraft, no one thing (and certainly no one person or group) that can grant you the title of witch.
Sure, there are plenty of ideas out there on the subject, many general definitions, and long lists of various traits and behaviours that lots of witches identify with. But ultimately when it comes down to it, only you get to decide what witchcraft means to you, and what it means for you personally to take on this particular identity.
If that means dressing in dark robes and stirring herbs into a smoking cauldron while reading from dusty tombs, then great. If it means smoking a blunt while painting a picture buck-ass naked under the light of the full moon, also great!
You do you, because your witchcraft is your own, whatever that looks like.
My Own Witchcraft
My own brand of witchcraft has always had a lot to do with personal agency, empowerment, and connection.
Throughout my teenage years and much of my adult life, I struggled with self-doubt and feelings of worthlessness. Often allowing myself to be objectified and disregarded, I sometimes felt as though I was only valued if I looked pretty and kept my mouth shut. Plagued by insecurities and feelings of inferiority, and shy to the point where I would struggle to find my voice, I was afraid to speak up, worried that no one would really want to listen to anything I had to say.
I really got into the practice of witchcraft during a particularly turbulent time in my life, where I was experiencing an especially intense sense of loss of control. I felt directionless, disoriented, as part of my identity seemed to be pulled away from me, leaving me completely vulnerable with nothing to distract me from myself… from my raw truth.
It was witchcraft that returned some of my own power to me. Practicing the craft, and using elements of magic, the occult, and nature-based spirituality helped me regain not only a sense of personal authority, but a sense of self that I had long ago lost.
It helped me understand that while there is a lot in life that I can’t control, there is also a lot that I can.
In many ways, I am free to take charge of my own life, make my own decisions, and determine my own fate.
Witchcraft helped me find my voice again, and reminded me how to use it.
It showed me in a very real way that I am not merely at the mercy of forces beyond my control, or an object waiting for someone to come along and place me into labeled boxes. It helped me recognize that I cannot be held down by the will of others, contained by their ideas of me, or their ideas of what I should be.
Through witchcraft, I found a new form of self-expression, self-discovery, and transformation. Through witchcraft, I found my agency.
It was around then that I actually began calling myself a witch.
To Be a Witch
The term “witch,” like “Pagan” or “magick” means many different things to many different people. For some, it is inextricably tied to spiritual or religious practice, while for others, it is entirely secular. While overtime, I’ve come to develop my own working idea of what it means for me to be a witch, keep in mind that my own definition does not need to conform to anyone else’s, and what’s true for me doesn’t have to be true for everyone.
For me, being a witch has relatively little to do with casting spells, harvesting herbs, or owning tarot decks and crystals. Though these elements can certainly be part of it, they don’t necessarily reflect the essence of what “witchiness” is for me.
For me, to be a witch means that I acknowledge my own personal strength, agency, and willpower. It means realizing that in every moment, I have a choice to make, and it is up to no one but myself to choose the path that I take. It means knowing that I am empowered to be who I want to be, and to live the life that I want to live.
To be a witch means that I am not afraid to truly know myself, in both light and shadow. It means exploring the dark corners of my own psyche, for everything in this world is made up of contrasting patterns of shadow and light, and we must embrace both if we hope to be complete beings with genuine transformative power.
Because being a witch is also very much about transformation—first within, and then without, for as we change, so too does the world. To be a witch means to have the strength to release that which no longer serves me, and to take the steps necessary (however difficult) to make my dreams into reality.
To be a witch is also to embrace and cherish the feminine (a quality that exists within all of us, regardless of gender), and to be part of a united sisterhood. It means moving away from outdated patriarchal systems of thought and governance to celebrate the agency, power, and value that we have as women.
To be a witch is to let go of the shame and anxiety surrounding my body, my womanhood, and to refuse to be made to feel “less than” because of my gender. It is to refuse to conform to societal standards or expectations, and to stand in solidarity with other women to show them that they too, are valued.
To be a witch is to write my own version of a feminist manifesto as I meditate under the light of the moon, or dance wildly around an altar.
Being a witch means to listen to what nature has to teach us, to be a pupil the schoolhouse of rolling landscapes and lush forests. It means to recognize the deep, underlying connections that exist between everything, and to be able to set aside the ego in order to feel the fundamentally extended and interconnected nature of the self.
As a witch, I am powerful and I am strong. I am whole, yet ever-changing, refusing to be held-down by definitions, or tired notions of “should be.” I am feminine, and unashamed. I am valued, and I am worthy. I am the embodiment of darkness, light, and oh so many vibrant colours. I am alive, and I am connected. I am not only a part of this universe, but an integral expression of it, and what it is doing at any given moment.
My own idea of what it means to be a witch makes room for both skepticism and genuine belief, because both of these things are integral parts of my own practice, just as they are important parts of who I am.
For the Skeptical Seekers
Witchcraft, as well as Paganism and alternative spirituality in general, encompass a multitude of behaviours, practices, and ways of knowing for me, many of which also involve these shifting belief systems.
So, going forward I’ve finally decided to start writing a little series that I’ve been planning for a while now that explores how these elements actually become meaningful for me, as someone who doesn’t always believe in the literal existence of magic.
Some of these things that I hope to look into include:
- Spellcraft
- Crystals
- Tarot/oracle cards
- Synchronicities
- The Law of Attraction
- Representations of the sacred
- Cycles of the moon
- Ritual
- Mind-altering substances
Basically, I’m hoping to examine how I use these things in my spiritual practice (and daily life sometimes), what they mean to me as both a seeker and a skeptic, and how others, believers and non-believers alike, might look at them from new perspectives, and potentially find them even more spiritually enriching than they may have previously thought.
So, if you found this post at all interesting, keep an eye out for upcoming additions to the “Skeptical Witchcraft” series, and thanks for reading! As always, if you found you identified with this in any way (or if you completely disagree with everything I’ve said), I would love to read your comments!
References
Adler, Margot. 1979. Drawing Down the Moon. Boston: Beacon Press.
Greenwood, Susan. 2005. The Nature of Magic: An Anthropology of Consciousness. Oxford: BERG.
Kapferer, Bruce. 2002. Outside all reason: Magic, sorcery and epistemology in anthropology. In Beyond Rationalism: Rethinking Magic, Witchcraft and Sorcery (ed.) B. Kapferer, 1-30. New York: Berghahn Books.
Your section “My Own Witchcraft” has touched my soul. I have never read something I could connect with on such a deep level. Thank you!!
Aw thank you so much! I’m so happy it resonated with you to such a great extent! Thanks for reading <3
I found your blog through your altar posts a while back, and wow, I love it so much. These last few posts on belief and skepticism have been especially meaningful for me as I’ve been deciding to make the leap into witchcraft myself, after years of being interested in it. I kept running into a lot of the same issues you describe, and I really appreciate your thoughtful posts (and their killer reference sections!). Thank you so much.
You’re so welcome, I’m really glad you have found it helpful! With witchcraft becoming so much more popular these days, it’s nice to know that there are other people dealing with questions of belief and skepticism, even though it isn’t talked about much. Thanks so much for your lovely comment—it really made me smile!
I am a skeptical and scientific based logical person, but have from an early age been interested in occult stuff and fascinated with magic and all things related. My favorite books growing up were fantasy themed. I’ve just discovered modern witchcraft and although I don’t believe in real magic I do believe in the power of the mind and how unexplored it still is (I’m very curious about eastern religions/traditions aswell). Having said all that I’m super excited and thrilled to have found your blog because it actually shows me a possibility to engage in rituals in a way that doesn’t feel like I’m doing something silly or that I don’t believe in! Thank you!
Hi Francisco,
Thanks so much for your comments! I’m really glad that my blog is able to help you out a bit as you find your path in the world of magic and the occult 🙂 like you I’ve also always been a big fan of fantasy books, and I think that definitely played a big role in my initial attraction to Paganism and witchcraft. I think that as contemporary witchcraft becomes increasingly popular, more and more ways of doing it will also emerge, including those that aren’t necessarily rooted in the *reality* of magic itself. I think there are an increasing number of witches and Pagans using witchcraft for more psychological purposes, basing it around self-exploration and transformation, which I think is really exciting!
I’ve been following you on Instagram for a while and finally got around to reading your blog. Your section, “My Own Witchcraft”, accurately describes my own practice in a way I would never put into words. Thank you for such an amazing and informative post.
Hi Andrea, thanks so much for your really lovely comment–I’m so glad the post could be illuminating and helpful for you, and that it resonated so well with you! <3
Long story short:
I’m so happy to have found your blog, because you’re the first I come across who thinks about witchcraft pretty much the same way I do, and you put it into words so well. I’m glad to have found like-minded people.
Long story long (don’t feel bad about not reading it, it’s just me talking about myself):
I’m not even halfway through your article “a skeptics guide to witchcraft”, and I already feel the need to leave a comment, because I’ve been trying to put the same thing into words for ages and I just really really like to share part of that in a place with likeminded people. (You do it so much better, though)
Your view on witchcraft seems to be very much like my own. Being raised an atheïst, and educated an engineer and scientist I just can’t believe in magic and gods or spirits the way it’s generally presented by most witches, wiccans and pagans. And I tried! Hard… because I always wanted magic to be real so badly! and fairies and talking to animals and whatnot.. Ever since I discovered the existence of modern paganism (when I was about 14) I’ve been attracted to it, only to distance myself from it again every now and then, because all the supernatural aspects didn’t stroke with my general world view and it felt silly to do ‘magic’ and celebrate entities I didn’t believe in. Also because the scientist in me always felt slightly annoyed by the lack of sources and foundations for arguments being made. I kept coming back to it however, because I LOVE the rituals, the aesthetics and generally the emphasis on personal growth and responsibility and respect for (if not worshipping of) nature.
Already quite early I started to develop this view on magic that you do not so much change the world with magic, but yourself (and you can change the world). The idea didn’t really mature, though and I kept struggling and trying to not let my rational thinking ruin the magical thinking… which doesn’t work. Only recently, being almost 30, I managed to let go of trying adjust my thinking to what others say, and see witchcraft from a more psychological standpoint. I feel like I need that as a foundation, to sort of justify it rationally and allow myself to get involved with witchcraft. Going from there I want to develop my own personal take on this beautiful practice to help myself grow and generally just enjoy life. On your blog I hope to find inspiration on how to shape this and hopefully forget about the rational viewpoint every now and then, to feel the real magic.
Hi Myrthe, thank you so much for sharing your experience! I’m really glad that you’ve been able to come to a place where you can stop trying to fit your practice and belief into the boxes others have created for defining magic and witchcraft, and that you’re working towards being able to do your own thing 🙂 You’re also not at all alone in being drawn towards witchcraft, yet unable to accept the belief in its more supernatural aspects… I’ve found that as more and more people are coming to the path, there are more people like us who love the idea and the feeling of magic, yet still maintain a scientific and rational worldview. It’s proof that we don’t necessarily need to believe wholeheartedly in magic for it to be able to have profound transformative effects on us, and help us lead more enchanted, and meaningful lives. Best of luck as you continue your journey–I’d love to hear more about where it takes you! 🙂
This is beautiful and amazing and exactly what I was looking for. I can’t wait to explore what else you have written.
Thank you!!
Aw thank you so much for your very sweet comment! I’m glad you found this post helpful!! 🙂
Thank you so much for your writings and sharing your experiences and practice with us. I highly resonate with many of your thoughts particularly when you describe yourself “As a witch…”. I’ve participated in obscure religions and various “metaphysical” and magickal practices during my teens and early adulthood. My attraction to non traditional paths and the occult inspired me but not finding a solid foundation in anything that felt true and real left me overwhelmed and feeling like a poser. Fast forward many years later after leaving that all behind I find myself yearning for renewal. I know deep down I am a witch. My problem is finding my own path and deciding what that looks like. I don’t believe in gods/goddesses in any real way nor do I want them in my practice. Your outlook is refreshing to read and more in line with what feels authentic to me (and isn’t that the point). I believe in a cosmic connection to all that is in the universe and that connection starts within. I think it’s all about tapping into energy and not about asking for gifts or making wishes to outside entities. I’m so glad I discovered your blog and look forward to more inspiring and insightful articles which can help me and others navigate their own paths. Be well.
Thanks so much! I’m really glad you found something useful here, and wish you the very best as you continue to find your path! I think sometimes we need to move beyond labels and more “traditional” ways of doing things to truly find what resonates with us spiritually. <3
I just want to say that I really appreciate you sharing this. So much of what you describe about your personal witchcraft resonates with my own. As a non-binary, somewhat trans feminine person who was assigned male at birth (AMAB), I find myself returning to the witchcraft I drifted away from for a couple years to empower my feminine side. To me, my witchiness and queerness are deeply intertwined as both rail against the patriarchal structures that would tell me to suppress my feminine qualities, my sensuality, my presentation, and more. As a sigil witch, my artwork, henna art, and work at my altar are focused largely on empowering myself – bringing about internal transformation to know that I am valid and that I don’t have to present according to societal scripts to be “proper” or “trans enough.” My nail polish and makeup are not only expressions of my queerness but witch tools by which I assert my personal agency and challenge the overculture – bringing transformation from the inside out to empower myself to step forth into the world and be the change I wish to see in it. The Tarot helps me communicate with my deeper self and find those threads of truth my heart may be aware of yet my mind may deny when it fears defying what is “normal” or questions my authenticity. The sigils I create set my intentions into my subconscious to help inform my actions – messages like “I follow my joy” or “I am valid” condensed into artwork rendered in temporary but long-lasting ink on my body to help strengthen those messages deep within.
It was rewarding to find so many of my own ideas echoed in another’s words. There is so much left to be learned about the nature of existence that we can’t say for certain our magick doesn’t do something in some way – pulling at the threads of connection to the world around us at the quantum level or something. And, yet, it is beneficial to come at it with a skeptical mind so that we can question and experiment for ourselves to find what works and what doesn’t in our personal experience.
And yes, that personal element is where the real power lies. I’ve tried the herbs and crystals, the oils and all of the trinkets and, by and large, just felt like I was simply doing something performative rather than true to me. But give me a pen, some paper, and a means to eventually burn the sigil I create and I have seen some profoundly stunning things happen that made my jaw drop. And my faith in that ability would not have been as strong had I not put it to the test from a skeptical standpoint.
I will definitely be reading your other articles!
Wow, thank you so much for your really eloquent and beautifully put comment. It’s wonderful that witchcraft has been so empowering for you as a form of self-expression and agency. Witchcraft really can be an amazing form of art and an incredible source of transformation, and it’s fantastic that you’ve been able to use it as such. It made me really happy reading through your comment to see that witchcraft is also a way for you to resist societal expectations, and to break out of limiting boxes we often try to put ourselves in. I think that with the rising popularity of the “witch aesthetic” and some practitioners getting overly caught up on the “right” way to do things, it’s easy enough to forget how transformative and personally empowering the practice can actually be. I really love the way you combine witchcraft, Tarot and art, as I think these things really go hand in hand. All the best of luck as you continue on this incredible journey!
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I enjoy your post,but as a person from the island ,socery is considered more diabolic than how you sees it. The church and culture create a crippling fear of socery or witchcroft to the point of driving a person literally to madness. Once a person see the symbolism of witchcroft for example an aquentance see some black oily substance on the ground when going in her car.She could not sleep at nights afterwards ,and did not have any energy to perform her job ,which was highly technical and needed full Focus. With this in mind I would like to know if this is a belief or real diabolic effect of a spell?
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